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干旱监测与展望 Drought Watch
2009年第10期(总第40期) No.10(Serial 40)October 13, 2009
南美洲东部和西北部、非洲北部和中部、欧洲东部和南部、西亚、中亚西部、东亚东部等地存在不同程度气象干旱。 预估未来三十天,非洲北部、欧洲东部等地气象干旱将有所缓和;南美洲西部、非洲南部、西亚、中亚西部、东亚东部气象干旱将持续或发展。 Varying degrees of droughts occurred in eastern East Asia. In the following 30 days, it is predicted that the drought in central Africa and eastern Europe will be alleviated, while it will persist or intensify in western South America, southern Africa, West Asia, western Central Asia and eastern East Asia.

图1 2009年10月11日全球干旱监测 Fig.1 Global Drought Monitoring on October 11, 2009
1、全球
全球最近30天( 2009年 9月12日- 10月 11日)降水监测显示,欧洲东南部和北部的部分地区、俄罗斯中东部、中亚局部、中国西部部分地区、中南半岛西部、南非中部、北美洲东部大部和北部部分地区偏多5成以上,部分地区超过2倍;欧洲西南部部分地区、俄罗斯西部和远东地区、蒙古国中西部、中亚大部、东亚北部,非洲东北部、西非局部、北美洲西部、南美洲东部、澳大利亚中东部等地降水较常年同期偏少5成以上,局部地区无降水(图2)。根据持续无有效降水日数(日降水量< 2.0毫米)干旱指标监测,目前南美洲东部和西北部、非洲北部和中部、欧洲东部和南部、西亚、中亚西部、东亚东部等地存在不同程度气象干旱(图1)。
根据中国气象局北京气候中心月动力延伸预报,未来30天( 2009年10月11日- 11月9日),北美大部、南美北部的部分地区和南部大部、非洲北部和南部、欧洲西部、亚洲西部、澳大利亚大部降水偏少的概率较高;北美东南部和中西部、南美中北部和东南部、非洲中部、欧洲北部和东部、亚洲南部降水偏多的概率较高(图3)。
图2 2009年9月12日至 10月11日全球降水距平百分率(%)分布
Fig.2 Global Precipitation Percentage Anomalies (%) from September 12 to October 11, 2009
图3 2009年10月11日-11月9日月动力延伸模式降水概率预报
Fig.3 Global prediction of the most likely precipitation categories from October 11 to November 9, 2009
2、亚洲
亚洲最近30天( 2009年9月12日- 10月11日)降水监测表明,俄罗斯中东部、中亚局部、中国西部部分地区、华南中部和江淮地区、中南半岛西部部分地区、马来西亚南部和印度尼西亚北部降水较常年同期偏多5成以上,局地偏多1倍以上;俄罗斯西部、蒙古国中西部、中亚大部、东亚北部部分地区等地降水较常年同期偏少5成以上,局部地区无降水(图4)。根据持续无有效降水日数干旱指标监测,西亚、中亚西部、东亚东部等地存在不同程度气象干旱(图5)。
根据中国气象局北京气候中心月动力延伸预报,未来30天( 2009年10月11日- 11月9日),西伯利亚大部、中亚、西亚大部、东亚北部和东南亚北部降水偏少的概率较高;西亚东部、东亚南部、南亚北部和东南亚南部降水偏多的概率较高。

图4 2009 年9月12日至 10 月11日亚洲降水距平百分率(%)分布
Fig. 4 Asian Precipitation Percentage Anomalies (%) from September 12 to October 11, 2009
图5 2009年10月11日亚洲干旱监测
Fig.5 Drought Monitoring over Asia on October 11, 2009
3、中国
最近30天( 2009年9月12日- 10月11日),河北北部、内蒙古东南部、辽宁大部、吉林西部、山东半岛、云南、贵州、广东北部、湖南、江西等地降水量较常年偏少3~8成,部分地区偏少8成以上,河北北部、内蒙古东南部、辽宁大部、吉林西部气象干旱持续发展,云南东部、贵州南部、广西北部、广东北部和湖南大部气象干旱持续。目前,河北北部、内蒙古东南部、辽宁大部、吉林西部、山东半岛、云南东部、贵州南部、广西北部、广东北部和湖南大部分地区存在中度及以上气象干旱(图6)。
根据中国气象局北京气候中心月动力延伸预报,未来30天( 2009年10月11日- 11月9日),内蒙古中部的部分地区、黄淮东部、西南地区东部和南部、华南南部降水偏多的概率较高,其余地区降水偏少的概率较高。

图6 2009年10月11日中国干旱监测
Fig.6 Drought Monitoring over China on October 11, 2009
I The World
Precipitations for recent 30 days (September 12 - October 11, 2009) were at least 50% more than normal in southeastern and parts of northern Europe, east-central Russia, locations of Central Asia, parts of western China, the western Indo-China Peninsula, central South Africa, most eastern and parts of northern North America, with at least 200% above normal in locations. Meanwhile, precipitations were at least 50% less than normal in parts of southwestern Europe, western Russia and the Far East of Russia, most Central Asia, northern East Asia, northeastern Africa, locations in West Africa, western North America, eastern South America, central and eastern Australia, with no precipitation in locations (Fig. 2). According to the drought-monitoring index of the consecutive dry days (daily precipitation < 2 mm), varying degrees of droughts occurred in eastern and western South America, northern and central Africa, eastern and southern Europe, West Asia, western Central Asia and eastern East Asia (Fig. 1). During the following 30 days (October 11 – November 9, 2009), according to the monthly forecast of dynamical climate model of BCC/CMA, high probability for less-than-normal precipitation is predicted in most North America, parts of northern and most southern South America, northern and southern Africa, western Europe, western Asia and most Australia, with high probability for more-than-normal precipitation in southeastern and mid-western North America, mid-northern and southeastern South America, central Africa, northern and eastern Europe and southern Asia (Fig. 3).
II Asia
Precipitations for recent 30 days (September 12 - October 11, 2009) were at least 50% more than normal in east-central Russia locations of Central Asia, parts of western China, central South China and JiangHuai Region in China, the western Indo-China Peninsula, with at least 100% more than normal in locations. Meanwhile, precipitations were at least 50% less than normal in western Russia , most Central Asia, and parts of northeastern Asia, with no precipitation in locations (Fig. 4). According to the drought-monitoring index of the consecutive dry days, varying degrees of droughts occurred in West Asia, western Central Asia and eastern East Asia (Fig.5).
During the next 30 days (October 11 – November 9, 2009), the monthly dynamical climate model of BCC/CMA predicts that most Siberia, Central Asia, most West Asia, northern East Asia and northern Southeast Asia will have a high probability of less-than-normal precipitation, with high probability of more-than-normal precipitation in eastern West Asia, southern East Asia, northern South Asia and southern Southeast Asia.
III China
From October 11 to November 9, 2009, the precipitation over China was 30%~ [Download Attachment]
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